'Academic' vs 'Practical'
by Matt Grist
At Demos’ event yesterday, where Andy Burnham launched Labour’s thoughts on education policy, the shadow minister’s promise to revisit the Tomlinson Review got the biggest cheer. For the uninitiated, Tomlinson was a review of secondary education that recommended a 14-19 Diploma for all and the abolition of GCSEs and A levels. Another feature of Tomlinson was that all students would study some vocational subjects. The idea behind such a move was that ‘academic’ kids should do practical subjects just as ‘practical’ kids should do academic subjects. This way, finally, parity of esteem would be achieved between vocational and academic educational routes.
Tony Blair famously refused to implement Tomlinson. This was painted as a failure of nerve in the face of a right-wing press crying foul at the abolition of the ‘gold standard’ of A levels. Blair probably was wary about the consequences of such an outcry, but I think actually, he showed good judgement in rejecting the wholesale implementation of the Review.
Fans of Tomlinson usually have a philosophical vision of the kind of people and society education should produce. They think it is fair to force ‘academic’ kids to do practical subjects even if they don’t want to, since ‘practical’ kids are forced to do academic subjects. Such coercion is worth the candle in order to produce rounded individuals and a society where the lawyer and the bricklayer are held in the same esteem (as if education could yield such utopian dreams).
But is it really fair to say to a 14 year-old you can’t do triple science at GCSE because we don’t think that adds up to being the kind of person ‘we’ want to produce? That seems a terribly paternalistic view to take. Surely, the answer is to offer a variety of curriculum choices at 14, built around English and maths, and to offer these choices alongside good quality information and advice? That way, we let children and parents decide what kind of people they want to be.
David Vinter
What a strange argument, now nearly 75, I look back to a council primary education, where at age 10 I was the class 'geek'.Mostly, I enjoyed school, which in the early days was through the war years. Father having a few acres, and by 1946, he resumed his occupation of having a very small country market town garage, as slowly more and more cars came on the road, after wartime storage.
As a grammar school lad, I really spent far too much time on things I enjoyed. By the age 10, I could strip and rebuild a 4 stroke motor cycle engine, and make gunpowder. Also I held a paraffin lamp for the vet to --calve a cow,[quite mind blowing that!].
I well remember father showing me how a car differential worked, delivering power to both wheels as the car turned a corner. But explained even further he took me to a friend of his, who had a gear cutting machine, he showed me how those wonderful ' crown wheel and pinion gears were cut!
I was 'lent out' to another small farmer at 12, to plough a 10 acre field for him. By then we had a few more acres, on which I spent hours at weekends 'working the land' with an ancient tractor. I left school at 16, but not before gaining my only academic school prize. Winning the school general knowledge prize at 15, against 18 year old competition.
Time passed and I eventually did a BA Joint Hons degree at Nottingham University at age 34. Maybe not a conventional career, but I got by OK,married and raised my own two children to degree level. And bought my house, I doubt I could do the same now!
Martin Johnson
Three points -
In reality Matt is raising an issue which needs debate urgently: at what age is it appropriate for young people to specialise? Our exam system and institutional structure say 16, the 14-19 developments say 14, and we have a resurgence of some who say 11.
But 18 also needs consideration, because underneath is another question: what degree of specialisation? Technical education in other countries has a much larger component of continuing general education than is our tradition.
Lastly, the idea that education should consist of 'academic' and 'practical' subjects is very inadequate. Teachers know that their youngsters need a wide range of personal and social skills to equip them for their multiple adult roles (a welcome recognition of multiple roles by Andy Burnham) and this should be recognised explicitly in curriculum design.
Martin Johnson
Deputy General Secretary, ATL the education union